Evaporative emissions control (EVAP) system — general description and component replacement Ford F150
Warning: Gasoline is extremely flammable, so take extra precautions when you work on any part of the fuel system. Don’t smoke or allow open flames or bare light bulbs near the work area, and don’t work in a garage where a gas-type appliance (such as a water heater or clothes dryer) is present. Since gasoline is carcinogenic, wear fuel-resistant gloves when there’s a possibility of being exposed to fuel, and, if you spill any fuel on your skin, rinse it off immediately with soap and water. Mop up any spills immediately and do not store fuel-soaked rags where they could ignite. When you perform any kind of work on the fuel system, wear safety glasses and have a Class B type fire extinguisher on hand. The fuel system is under pressure, so if any lines must be disconnected, the pressure in the system must be relieved first (see Fuel and exhaust systems for more information).
General description
1. This system is designed to trap and store fuel vapors that evaporate from the fuel tank, throttle body and intake manifold during non-operation or idling, store them in the charcoal canister and then route them into the combustion chamber to be burned during engine operation.
2. The Evaporative Emission Control System (EVAP) consists of a charcoal-filled canister and the lines connecting the canister to the fuel tank, a fuel vapor management valve (VMV), a fuel tank pressure sensor, fuel filler cap, a canister vent solenoid, a fuel vapor vent valve, ported vacuum and intake manifold vacuum.
3. Fuel vapors are transferred from the fuel tank, throttle body and intake manifold to a canister where they are stored when the engine is not operating. When the engine is running, the fuel vapors are purged from the canister by a vapor management valve (VMV), which is PCM controlled and consumed in the normal combustion process. The fuel tank pressure sensor detects internal fuel tank pressure and relays the information to the PCM which in turn regulates the EVAP system purge controls.
Component replacement Charcoal canister
Note: The charcoal canister is located on the driver’s side frame rail, forward of the fuel tank.
4. Disconnect the negative battery cable (see Battery – disconnection and reconnection).
5. Raise and support the vehicle on jackstands.
6. Remove the transfer case skid plate (if equipped).
7. Remove the fuel filler cap to relieve the pressure inside the fuel tank.
8. Disconnect the charcoal canister quick-disconnect fittings and hose
9. Disconnect the charcoal canister vent solenoid electrical connector.
10. Detach the EVAP line retainers from the canister.
Remove the EVAP canister mounting bolts and remove the canister
11. Remove the charcoal canister mounting bolts
12. Remove the charcoal canister from the vehicle.
13. Installation is the reverse of removal.
Canister vent solenoid
Note: The canister vent solenoid is located on the charcoal canister and is part of the lid it is connected to.
14. Remove the charcoal canister from the vehicle.
Rotate the vent solenoid clockwise to remove
15. Rotate the solenoid in a clockwise direction to remove from the canister
16. Installation is the reverse of removal. Ensure a click is heard when installing the solenoid to the canister.
Canister vent filter
Note: The canister vent filter is located on the charcoal canister under the vent solenoid.
17. Remove the charcoal canister from the vehicle.
18. Remove the canister vent solenoid from the canister.
Release the clips to remove the filter
19. Release the four tabs and remove the canister vent filter from the canister.
20. Installation is the reverse of removal. Ensure a click is heard when installing the vent filter to the canister.
Canister purge valve
Note: The canister purge valve is located on the left (driver’s) side of the intake manifold.
21. On 2.7L and 3.5L turbocharged models, remove the engine cover.
Disconnect the purge valve hoses and connector to remove (2.7L model shown)
22. On all models, disconnect the electrical connector and quick-connect fitting from the valve and intake manifold as necessary.
23. On 2.7L, 3.3L and 3.5L turbocharged models, slide the valve from the retainer on the intake manifold.
24. On 3.5L non-turbo and 5.0L models, remove the two bolts and remove the purge valve from the intake manifold.
25. Installation is the reverse of removal.